ORIGINAL ANTIQUE MAP NAUTICAL CHART  Mediterranean Sea Libya Ras El Hilal Azzaz

Description

ANTIQUE ORIGINAL MAPTERRITORY NAUTICAL CHART
[Thismap is not a reproduction or from a scan, and it's printed on a thick papermatting surface. My Map collection, passed down by my grandfather, has beenstored flat and folded]
Mediterranean Sea Libya Ras El Hilal to Ras Azzaz, Derna, Marsa El Hilal, Baia Di Torbruch, Defna
From Italian Surveys to 1931
See Photos for condition.
Derna
(
/
ˈ
d
ɜːr
n
ə
/
;
Arabic
:
درنة
Darnah
) is a
port
city in eastern
Libya
. It has a population of 100,000
[1]
–150,000.
[2]
It was the seat of one of the wealthiest provinces in the
Barbary States
, and remains the capital of the
Derna District
, with a much smaller area. Derna has a unique environment among Libyan cities, as it lies between green mountains, the Mediterranean Sea, and the desert. The city is also home to people of mixed origins.
The city was also the location of the famous
Battle of Derna
(1805), the first victory achieved by the
United States Military
on foreign soil. Occurring during the
First Barbary War
, the battle was fought between a force of roughly 500 US Marines and Mediterranean mercenaries and 4,000 or 5,000 Barbary troops.
Parts of the city were taken over by
Islamic State
(IS) militants in October 2014.
[5]
In June 2015
Shura Council of Mujahideen in Derna
defeated IS and took control over the town, before being expelled themselves by the
Libyan National Army
in the
Battle of Derna (2018–2019)
.
The
Mediterranean Sea
is a
sea
connected to the
Atlantic Ocean
, surrounded by the
Mediterranean Basin
and almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by
Western
and
Southern Europe
and
Anatolia
, on the south by
North Africa
, and on the east by the
Levant
. The Sea has played a central role in the
history of Western civilization
. Although the Mediterranean is sometimes considered a part of the Atlantic Ocean, it is usually referred to as a separate body of water.
Geological evidence
indicates that around 5.9 million years ago, the Mediterranean was cut off from the Atlantic and was partly or completely
desiccated
over a period of some 600,000 years during the
Messinian salinity crisis
before being refilled by the
Zanclean flood
about 5.3 million years ago.
The Mediterranean Sea covers an area of about 2,500,000 km
2
(970,000 sq mi),
[2]
representing 0.7% of the global
ocean
surface, but its connection to the Atlantic via the
Strait of Gibraltar
—the narrow strait that connects the Atlantic Ocean to the Mediterranean Sea and separates the
Iberian Peninsula
in
Europe
from
Morocco
in
Africa
—is only 14 km (9 mi) wide. In
oceanography
, it is sometimes called the
Eurafrican Mediterranean Sea
, the
European Mediterranean Sea
or the
African Mediterranean Sea
to distinguish it from
mediterranean seas
elsewhere.
[3]
[4]
The Mediterranean Sea encompasses
a vast number of islands
, some of them being of volcanic origin. The two by far largest islands are
Sicily
and
Sardinia
.
The Mediterranean Sea has an average depth of 1,500 m (4,900 ft) and the deepest recorded point is 5,267 m (17,280 ft) in the
Calypso Deep
in the
Ionian Sea
. It lies between latitudes
30°
and
46° N
and longitudes
6° W
and
36° E
. Its west–east length, from the Strait of Gibraltar to the
Gulf of Iskenderun
, on the southeastern coast of
Turkey
, is about 4,000 kilometres (2,500 mi). The north–south length varies greatly between different shorelines and whether only straight routes are considered. Also including longitudal changes, the shortest shipping route between the multinational
Gulf of Trieste
and the Libyan coastline of
Gulf of Sidra
is about 1,900 kilometres (1,200 mi). The water temperatures are mild in winter and warm in summer and give name to the
mediterranean climate
type due to the majority of precipitation falling in the cooler months. Its southern and eastern coastlines are lined with hot deserts not far inland, but the immediate coastline on all sides of the Mediterranean tends to have strong maritime moderation.
The sea was an important route for
merchants
and travelers of ancient times, facilitating trade and cultural exchange between peoples of the region. The
history of the Mediterranean region
is crucial to understanding the origins and development of many modern societies. The
Roman Empire
maintained nautical hegemony over the sea for centuries.
The countries surrounding the Mediterranean in clockwise order are
Spain
,
France
,
Monaco
,
Italy
,
Slovenia
,
Croatia
,
Bosnia and Herzegovina
,
Montenegro
,
Albania
,
Greece
,
Turkey
,
Syria
,
Lebanon
,
Israel
,
Palestine
,
Egypt
,
Libya
,
Tunisia
,
Algeria
, and
Morocco
;
Malta
and
Cyprus
are island countries in the sea. In addition, the disputed territory of
Northern Cyprus
, and some enclaves, notably
Gibraltar
and
Ceuta
, have coastlines on the sea.
Alexandria
is the largest coastal settlement. The drainage basin encompasses a large number of other countries, the
Nile
being the longest river ending in the Mediterranean Sea.
HMS
Decoy
was a
D-class
destroyer
of the
Royal Navy
. Ordered in 1931, the ship was constructed by
John I. Thornycroft & Company
, and entered naval service in 1933.
Decoy
was initially assigned to the
Mediterranean Fleet
before she was transferred to the
China Station
in early 1935. She was temporarily deployed in the
Red Sea
during late 1935 during the
Abyssinia Crisis
, before returning to her duty station where she remained until mid-1939.
Decoy
was transferred back to the Mediterranean Fleet just before the
Second World War
began in September 1939. She briefly was assigned to
West Africa
for convoy escort duties in 1940 before returning to the Mediterranean. The ship participated in the Battles of
Calabria
without significant damage and escorted ships of the Mediterranean Fleet for most of the rest of the year.
On 29 June 1940
Decoy
participated, together with the same squadron, in the sinking of the
Italian submarine
Argonauta
. The squadron patrolled the area between
Alexandria
, the
Aegean Sea
and the central
Mediterranean
from 27 to 30 June 1940 as part of Operation MA3 in support of British convoys from the Greek ports to
Port Said
and from
Alexandria
to Malta.
Argonauta
was probably sunk near Cape Ras el Hilal,
Libya
,
[10]
at around 0615 hours by the British destroyers; though it is also possible the
Argonauta
was depth charged and sunk around 1450 hours that same day by
Short Sunderland
L5804 of the
RAF
.
[11